Commonwealth v. Read — Trial ArchiveAshley Vallier - Direct (Part 2)
308 linesCOURT CLERK: Hear ye, hear ye, hear ye! All parties having anything to do before the Honorable First Justice Cannone, now sitting in the Dedham Superior Court with and for the County of Norfolk, draw near, give your attendance, you shall be heard. God save the Commonwealth. Court is now in session.
JUDGE CANNONE: Good morning. 22117, the Commonwealth versus Karen Read. Counsel, could I have you identify yourselves for the record?
MR. LALLY: Adam Lally for the Commonwealth. Good morning.
JUDGE CANNONE: Good morning, Mr. Lally.
MR. LALLY: Good morning, Your Honor.
MS. MCLAUGHLIN: Laura McLaughlin for the Commonwealth. Good morning.
JUDGE CANNONE: Miss McLaughlin. Morning.
MS. MCLAUGHLIN: Your Honor.
MR. JACKSON: Alan Jackson. Good morning.
JUDGE CANNONE: Mr. Jackson. Good morning.
MS. LITTLE: Miss Little. Good morning.
JUDGE CANNONE: Good morning. David— Morning, Mr. Yannetti. Good morning, Miss Read. Good morning, jurors. Morning. So I have to ask you those same three questions. Were you able to follow the instructions and refrain from discussing this case with anyone since we left here Monday? Everyone said yes and nodded affirmatively. Were you also able to follow the instructions and refrain from doing any independent research or investigation into this case since we were last here? Everyone said yes or nodded affirmatively. Did anyone happen to see, hear, or read anything about this case since we left here the other day? Everyone: no. I should — okay, thank you. May we have Miss Vallier back to the stand?
COURT OFFICER: Please watch your step.
COURT CLERK: Again, stand, face the front of the court and jury. The case — down here. The truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you God?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
COURT CLERK: Spell your last name.
MS. VALLIER: V-A-L-L-I-E-R.
JUDGE CANNONE: All right, Mr. Lally, whenever you're ready.
MR. LALLY: Thank you. Good morning, ma'am.
MS. VALLIER: Good morning.
MR. LALLY: Now, Miss Vallier, when we had left off the other day, I believe you had just looked at some photos of item 7-16. Is that correct? If you recall — it's been a few days.
MS. VALLIER: Yes.
MR. LALLY: And Miss Vallier, I'm going to show you a series of six photographs. Actually, just review those for a couple—
JUDGE CANNONE: All right. So I'm going to remind both of you to keep your voices up. Mr. Lally, when you're facing the witness and you're this close, I guarantee you nobody behind you can hear you. Understood?
MR. LALLY: Hey. Miss Vallier, do you recognize what's in those photographs?
MS. VALLIER: Yeah.
MR. LALLY: And what do you recognize those to be?
MS. VALLIER: Photos that I took of item 7-16.
MR. LALLY: May I approach the witness?
JUDGE CANNONE: Yes.
MR. LALLY: The Commonwealth seeks to introduce in a minute — next exhibit. Can I just see them, please?
MR. YANNETTI: No objection.
MR. LALLY: Your Honor, for the record, those are exhibits 332, 333, 369, 370, 371, and 372. Thank you.
JUDGE CANNONE: Thank you.
MR. LALLY: With the court's permission, may I have those published for the jury?
JUDGE CANNONE: Yes.
MR. LALLY: And Miss Gilman, if I could have photograph 2059. Miss Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen? Is that photograph, which is now marked as 332 — yes? Is that one of the items from 7-16 next to a ruler, with the measurements corresponding to that item?
MS. VALLIER: Yes.
MR. LALLY: And Miss Gilman, if I could have photograph 2081. And Miss Vallier, what's up on the screen — is that another piece from 7-16 that's now been marked as exhibit 369?
MS. VALLIER: Yes.
MR. LALLY: Now, as far as this particular item is concerned, with reference to the texture of that particular piece of plastic, what if anything did you note and observe in reference to that?
MS. VALLIER: I'm sorry — the texture?
MR. LALLY: I'm sorry. Do you have the laser pointer in front of you or not?
MS. VALLIER: Oh, yes.
MR. LALLY: Now, as far as the surface area of that particular piece of plastic — how would you describe that?
MS. VALLIER: I mean, there are little dots on it. They're not — they're just like dimples of a sort.
MR. LALLY: Dimpling or dimples of some sort on a piece of plastic?
MS. VALLIER: Yes.
MR. LALLY: And as far as those stippling or dimples on the piece of plastic — were those flush with the rest of the plastic, or were they raised a little bit? How would they sort of configure?
MS. VALLIER: I don't recall.
MR. LALLY: And if I could have photograph — forgive me, Your Honor — 2064. And again, Miss Vallier, what's up on the screen — that's now been marked as exhibit 371. Do you recognize that?
MS. VALLIER: I do. That is another piece next to a ruler, essentially memorializing its measurements from item 7-16. Is that correct?
MR. LALLY: Correct. Thank you. You may approach the witness?
JUDGE CANNONE: Yes.
MR. LALLY: Thanks. I'm showing you another series of 11 photographs. I ask you to look at those. Can you tell Mr. Yannetti what those are so he can look at his copies?
JUDGE CANNONE: Counsel was shown each and every one of the photographs prior to the court coming in today. But I'm happy to give them to counsel as well. I'm just trying to save some time.
MR. YANNETTI: I just need to know the particular evidence numbers at the end, okay?
MR. LALLY: Do you recognize those?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: And what do you recognize those to be?
MS. VALLIER: Photos that I took of item 7-16.
MR. LALLY: So additional items contained within item 7-16. Is that correct?
MS. VALLIER: Yes.
MR. LALLY: And what's contained in those photographs — is that a fair and accurate portrayal of what you observed during the course of your examination and analysis in regard to item 7-16 in this case?
MS. VALLIER: Yes.
MR. LALLY: Your Honor, the Commonwealth seeks to introduce and admit as the next 11 exhibits. Any objection?
MR. YANNETTI: I'm not going to have an objection, but again I just need to know what — 373—
MR. LALLY: 38. Thank you.
JUDGE CANNONE: Thank you. And, Your Honor, with the court's permission, if I could publish some of the photos from this packet for the jury? Okay. If I can have photograph 2036. And Miss Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen as exhibit 373?
MS. VALLIER: Um, that was one of the photos I just looked at.
MR. LALLY: And as far as the evidence containing items from 7-16, is that correct?
MS. VALLIER: Yes.
MR. LALLY: And Miss Gilman, if I could have 2039. And again, you recognize what's up on the screen, which has now been marked as exhibit 374?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: And what do you recognize those to be?
MS. VALLIER: A photo that I took of item 7-16.
MR. LALLY: And that would be the entirety of the items contained within that evidence— —from the prior. Is that correct?
MS. VALLIER: Yes.
MR. LALLY: And if I could have 2051. Again, Miss Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: What do you recognize that to be?
MS. VALLIER: A photo I took of item 7-16.
MR. LALLY: Any particular — can you speak up a little slower?
MS. VALLIER: In particular, one of the red plastic pieces from item 7-16. Is that correct?
MR. LALLY: Yes. And for the record, Your Honor, that is exhibit 376. Okay. And Miss Gilman, if I could have photograph 2053. And again, Miss Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen, which has now been marked as exhibit 378?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: You recognize that as one of the photos that you took of item 7-16?
MS. VALLIER: One of the photos that I took of item 7-16.
MR. LALLY: And last from this — 2055. And again, Miss Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen, which has now been marked — I do. And what do you recognize that to be?
MS. VALLIER: It's one of the photos that I took of item 7-16.
MR. LALLY: And this particular item up here, as exhibit 380 — the color, the shape — what did you observe from this particular item?
MS. VALLIER: Um, that's a piece of red and clear apparent plastic — a piece of red plastic with a piece of clear plastic sort of within the same piece. Is that fair to say?
MR. LALLY: Same?
MS. VALLIER: Yes. Apparent plastic. Yes.
MR. LALLY: Thank you. Now, Miss Vallier, if you could — can we put the lights on?
JUDGE CANNONE: Mr. Lally?
MR. LALLY: Yes, I'm sorry, my apologies.
JUDGE CANNONE: No, it's okay. Thank you.
MR. LALLY: Miss Vallier, if you could explain to the jury again the process that you undertook as far as these various pieces from these various evidence item numbers — what was the process that you undertook as far as doing your comparison?
MS. VALLIER: So first of all, everything is documented. Each item is documented separately with photographs, notes. I put a label with the case number, item number, and then A, B, C, et cetera, if there are multiple pieces in it — a label on each piece. I look at the photos to see if there are any similarities, dissimilarities, to see if there are any potential pieces to compare. And then if I do think that there are pieces that could be compared, I'll open those items and keep them all separate, and then look at them in real time to see if it does actually look like they could be consistent — before I bring them close together.
MS. VALLIER: And if it still looks like they could be consistent, then I'll bring them together to see if there is an actual mechanical fit, and then I'll document that and look at it under the stereo zoom.
MR. LALLY: And the device — or the instrument — that you're looking at again, could you describe for the jury again what that is?
MS. VALLIER: So the stereo zoom is also called the stereo microscope. It's a microscope that is on a stand, so you can put larger pieces of evidence underneath it.
MR. LALLY: Now, as far as that initial looking at things together, how are you sort of organizing that — is that by item number, by color, or by something else?
MS. VALLIER: I did this by color, because it seemed the easiest way to organize all of these pieces.
MR. LALLY: And then within the individual item number — say, just randomly, 7-15, for example — are you looking at those, if there are multiple pieces within an item, are you looking at the consistency within the item prior to looking sort of crossing between 7-15 to— 7-16 — is that the process?
MS. VALLIER: Sorry, could you repeat the question?
MR. LALLY: Very long question, very confusing — my fault. So as far as the comparison is concerned, are you looking solely within an item? So if an item has multiple pieces, are you comparing just those pieces within that item first?
MS. VALLIER: As part of my initial examination, when I'm documenting that item, if there are multiple pieces, I'll compare those pieces first.
MR. LALLY: And then if there are any pieces that are consistent, are you then cross-referencing that item's pieces with pieces from a different item?
MS. VALLIER: Yes.
MR. LALLY: May I approach?
JUDGE CANNONE: Yes.
MR. LALLY: Ma'am, I'm showing you another series of 19 photographs. Just ask you to review those and look up, and do you recognize what's contained in those photographs?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: And what do you recognize in them?
MS. VALLIER: These are photos from my case of either within the same item that had a mechanical fit that I'd then taped together, or of mechanical fits from between different items.
MR. LALLY: May I approach?
JUDGE CANNONE: Yes.
MR. LALLY: To seek to introduce them as the next 19.
MR. JACKSON: No objection. But have I seen those yet — this morning, right?
MR. LALLY: I was going to hand them to you after [unintelligible]. judge cannone/court clerk: That's fine. Through 384. Thank you. Ask counsel for one second. Before you get to the photos, Ms. Vallier — if I could just ask: as far as your analysis was concerned — — with reference to each of these items, if I — excuse me — just ask you some questions about that. Starting first with item 3-1 — that was the passenger side tail light housing, is that correct?
MS. VALLIER: I believe so.
MR. LALLY: And you analyzed pieces of that along with the housing unit itself — is that correct?
MS. VALLIER: Oh, do you mean like there was the tail light and then there were smaller pieces also in — correct. Yes.
MR. LALLY: And you took measurements of the various pieces that you observed?
MS. VALLIER: I did.
MR. LALLY: And did you record those within your notes?
MS. VALLIER: I did.
MR. LALLY: Do you recall what those measurements were?
MS. VALLIER: Not without looking at my notes, of course.
MR. LALLY: Permission — may the witness refer to her notes?
JUDGE CANNONE: Yes. Your witness is ready, Mr. Lally.
MR. LALLY: And what were those measurements?
MS. VALLIER: Do you want all of them?
MR. LALLY: Just — yes. I mean, first starting with reference to the tail light housing assembly.
MS. VALLIER: Okay. So the tail light — I call it piece A in this case — and it measured approximately 14 inches by 9 inches by 8 and 1/4 inches.
MR. LALLY: And then which of the pieces that were contained within that tail light evidence bag did you compare to the tail light housing itself?
MS. VALLIER: So there were a lot of very, very small pieces that I took pictures of, but they're very, very small, so they were not suitable for comparison. So I didn't look at those. There were some larger pieces that were suitable for comparison, so I did look to see if they fit in with piece A.
MR. LALLY: And with regard to that analysis of whether or not they fit in with piece A, which of those pieces did you find did fit?
MS. VALLIER: So amongst item 3-1 — let's see, sorry — piece A and piece B fit together mechanically, and then piece A and piece F fit together mechanically.
MR. LALLY: F as in Frank?
MS. VALLIER: F as in Frank. Yes.
MR. LALLY: And it may be pretty apparent, but if you could, Ms. Vallier, just expound upon what you mean when you say they fit together mechanically.
MS. VALLIER: So when things break, they break in a unique pattern — it's pretty different every time. So a mechanical fit is bringing two things with broken edges together to see if they were originally part of the same item — to see if the broken edges align. And if they do, then that's a mechanical fit.
MR. LALLY: Now, turning your attention to item 7-5 — you looked at those various pieces together as well, is that correct?
MS. VALLIER: I believe so.
MR. LALLY: And were there three pieces in total from 7-5 — so A, B, and C — is that correct as well?
MS. VALLIER: May I look at my notes?
MR. LALLY: Yes. And what if any match did you find within item 7-5?
MS. VALLIER: There were no mechanical fits. Amongst those three pieces of the item.
MR. LALLY: And with reference to item 7-6, there were two pieces, A and B, within that — is that correct?
MS. VALLIER: Yes.
MR. LALLY: And were there any physical matches within those two pieces of item 7-6?
MS. VALLIER: No.
MR. LALLY: Now, turning your attention to item 7-8 — do you recall how many pieces were contained within that?
MS. VALLIER: May I look at my notes? There were 14 pieces.
MR. LALLY: And of those 14 pieces, they were each compared to each other — is that correct?
MS. VALLIER: Correct.
MR. LALLY: And what if any mechanical fit did you find between the pieces contained within 7-8?
MS. VALLIER: So pieces C and D were found to fit together mechanically, and then pieces E and F were found to fit together mechanically.
MR. LALLY: May I approach, please? [unintelligible — possible technical audio interruption] [unintelligible — someone unmuted] Ms. Vallier, turning your attention to item 7-9 — you analyzed three pieces from that, is that correct? [unintelligible exchange]
MS. VALLIER: Sorry, could you repeat your question?
MR. LALLY: How many pieces were contained within item 7-9?
MS. VALLIER: Three pieces.
MR. LALLY: And what if any physical matches did you find within item 7-9?
MS. VALLIER: There are no mechanical fits.
MR. LALLY: And with reference to 7-10, how many pieces?
MS. VALLIER: One piece.
MR. LALLY: And with reference to item 7-11, how many pieces contained within that?
MS. VALLIER: Six pieces.
MR. LALLY: And what if any physical matches did you find contained within 7-11?
MS. VALLIER: There were none.
MR. LALLY: How many different colors of pieces were contained within 7-11?
MS. VALLIER: There was black, red, and colorless apparent plastic.
MR. LALLY: Now, with reference to item 7-12, how many pieces were contained within?
MS. VALLIER: There were 14 pieces.
MR. LALLY: And of those pieces, how many different colors of pieces were within 7-12?
MS. VALLIER: They were all colorless.
MR. LALLY: And from those, what if any mechanical fits did you observe or find within item 7-12?
MS. VALLIER: Okay. So there were three — do you want me to say all the pieces that fit together?
MR. LALLY: Please.
MS. VALLIER: Okay. So pieces B, C, D, F, and K all fit together; pieces E and I fit together; and pieces M and N fit together.
MR. LALLY: Now, turning your attention to item 7-13 — how many pieces were contained within item 7-13?
MS. VALLIER: Three pieces.
MR. LALLY: And how many different colors of items were contained within 7-13?
MS. VALLIER: It was red and black apparent plastic.
MR. LALLY: What if any physical matches did you find within item 7-13?
MS. VALLIER: There were none.
MR. LALLY: Turning your attention to item 7-14 — how many pieces were contained within that?
MS. VALLIER: There was one piece.
MR. LALLY: And what color was that one piece?
MS. VALLIER: It was colorless.
MR. LALLY: And bringing your attention to item 7-15 — how many pieces were contained within that?
MS. VALLIER: There were eight pieces.
MR. LALLY: And as far as those eight pieces, what color were they?
MS. VALLIER: They were red and colorless apparent plastic.
MR. LALLY: And of those eight pieces, what if any mechanical fits did you find within them?
MS. VALLIER: So piece F and piece H were found to fit together.
MR. LALLY: Turning your attention to item 7-16 — how many pieces were contained within 7-16?
MS. VALLIER: There were seven pieces.
MR. LALLY: And of those seven pieces, what if any differences in color were the seven pieces within 7-16?
MS. VALLIER: It was red and colorless apparent plastic.
MR. LALLY: And of those pieces, what if any mechanical fits did you find within 7-16?
MS. VALLIER: Pieces A, C, and D fit together mechanically.
MR. LALLY: Now, with reference to those pieces — — once you did those inspections, or analysis, from the individual items, what if anything did you do with those individual items with reference to the tail light housing?
MS. VALLIER: So before even comparing to the tail light, I compared all of the questioned items to each other — so that's items 7-5 to 7-19 — to see if any of those pieces would fit together. And amongst those I was able to make five larger pieces that I called piece one through piece five.
MR. LALLY: And of those larger pieces, which of those larger pieces were you able to mechanically fit together prior to comparing them to the tail light housing? Sorry — from your analysis of those larger pieces, and analyzing them together with other larger pieces, what if any opinions did you draw, what if any conclusions did you come to as far as your analysis of those pieces?
MS. VALLIER: So for the larger pieces amongst the different items that fit together mechanically, I can see that those items were once a part of the same unit.
MR. LALLY: Okay. So piece two consisted of pieces from item 7-15 and 7-16?
MS. VALLIER: Correct.
MR. LALLY: And then with reference to item 7-6 and 7-11, what if anything did you observe between the pieces of those?
MS. VALLIER: So piece three consisted of pieces from item 7-6 and 7-11.
MR. LALLY: And similar to what you had described before with 7-15 and 7-16, as far as them mechanically fitting together—and now I'm talking about 7-6 and 7-11—what if any conclusions did you draw in regard to that?
MS. VALLIER: That those pieces from item 7-6 and item 7-11 were at one time together as a larger unit.
MR. LALLY: And then as far as item 7-8, 7-9, and part of 7-16, what if anything were you able to do with reference to those?
MS. VALLIER: So piece number four consisted of pieces from item 7-8, 7-9, and 7-16.
MR. LALLY: And as far as mechanically fitting those pieces together, what if any conclusions did you come to in reference to items 7-8, 7-9, and 7-16?
MS. VALLIER: That those pieces from items 7-8, 7-9, and 7-16 were at one time together as a larger unit.
MR. LALLY: Now, lastly, with reference to item 7-12 and 7-14, what if any analysis did you do with reference to those items?
MS. VALLIER: Sorry—I have item 7-11 and 7-12 that fit together for piece number five.
MR. LALLY: And your Honor, with what's now been marked as exhibits 384 through 402, if I could ask to publish some of those to the jury.
JUDGE CANNONE: Yes.
MR. LALLY: Miss Gilman, if I could have photograph 2069. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen as now exhibit 384?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: And what are we looking at?
MS. VALLIER: Within item 7-16, those are pieces that were mechanically fit together.
MR. LALLY: 2096. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's now been marked as exhibit 386?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: And what do you recognize that to be?
MS. VALLIER: So that is what I called piece one—the piece made up of apparent plastic pieces from many of the different items.
MR. LALLY: Miss Gilman, if I could ask you to just zoom in a little onto the middle of that photograph.
JUDGE CANNONE: What exhibit number is this, Mr. Lally?
MR. LALLY: This is 386. And from this zoomed version of 386, where are you able to now see some of the stickers—the evidence stickers—that you put on labeling each of these pieces?
MS. VALLIER: Yes. If you could just draw the jury's attention—so these labels right here are the labels that I put on each piece individually when I initially examined it. So all of the little white labels.
MR. LALLY: 2097. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen that has now been marked as exhibit 387?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: What do you recognize that to be?
MS. VALLIER: That's still piece one. It's just from a different angle.
MR. LALLY: If I can have 2110. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen that has been marked as exhibit 390?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: What are we looking at?
MS. VALLIER: That's still piece one, from another angle—photos taken from another angle.
MR. LALLY: And if I can go to 2103. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen which is now marked as exhibit 392?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: What are we looking at?
MS. VALLIER: That is another angle of piece one.
MR. LALLY: Miss Gilman, if I could have photograph 2107. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen which has now been marked as exhibit 395?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: And what are we looking at in exhibit 395?
MS. VALLIER: May I look at my notes?
MR. LALLY: Sure.
MS. VALLIER: Okay. So that is piece two.
MR. LALLY: Miss Gilman, if I could zoom in a little on this. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen which has now been marked as exhibit 398?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: What do you recognize that to be?
MS. VALLIER: That is piece three.
MR. LALLY: And if I can have 2111. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's on the screen which has now been marked as exhibit 399?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: And what do you recognize that to be?
MS. VALLIER: That is piece four.
MR. LALLY: Miss Gilman, if I could have photograph 2113. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen that has been marked as exhibit 401?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: And what do you recognize that to be?
MS. VALLIER: That is piece five.
MR. LALLY: Thank you. You may approach.
MS. VALLIER: Yes.
MR. LALLY: So Ms. Vallier, earlier I put before you another 23 photographs. Do you recognize what's depicted in those 23 photographs?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: What do you recognize that to be?
MS. VALLIER: Those are comparisons between item 3-1 and piece one.
MR. LALLY: And item 3-1 again was the tail light—is that correct?
MS. VALLIER: Correct.
MR. LALLY: With the Court's permission, I would seek to introduce and admit as the next exhibits.
JUDGE CANNONE: Okay.
MR. LALLY: And so I guess what I'm asking, Ms. Vallier, is — with reference to, say, item 7-6, or 7-5, or the items in and of themselves — which of those items, if any, were you able to find mechanically fit with each other? you recognize that to be?
MS. VALLIER: Um, that's comparisons between item 3-1 and piece one.
MR. LALLY: And item 3-1 again was the tail light — is that correct?
MS. VALLIER: Correct.
MR. LALLY: Your Honor, with the Court's approval, we would seek to introduce and admit these as the next exhibits.
JUDGE CANNONE: Okay. [Exhibits admitted through 434.]
MR. LALLY: Thank you. Thank you, Your Honor. With the Court's permission, if I may publish some of these photographs for the jury?
JUDGE CANNONE: Yes.
MR. LALLY: Miss Gilman, if I could have photograph 2156. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's now up on the screen, marked as exhibit 403?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: And what do you recognize that to be?
MS. VALLIER: That's one of the photos comparing item 3-1 and piece one.
MR. LALLY: Miss Gilman, if I could have photograph 2125. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen, now marked as exhibit 411?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: And what do you recognize that to be?
MS. VALLIER: Um, that's the contents of item 3-1.
MR. LALLY: At what stage of this analysis or comparison process is that?
MS. VALLIER: Um, so that's when I initially looked at item 3-1.
MR. LALLY: If I may have a moment?
JUDGE CANNONE: Yes.
MR. LALLY: Miss Gilman, if I could have photograph 2150. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen, now marked as exhibit 431?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: And what are we looking at in 431?
MS. VALLIER: Um, so on the left is item 3-1, piece A, and then on the right is piece one.
MR. LALLY: And if I could have 2151. Ms. Vallier, do you recognize what's up on the screen, now marked as exhibit 432?
MS. VALLIER: I do.
MR. LALLY: What are we looking at in 432?
MS. VALLIER: Um, that is piece one on top of item 3-1 in a mechanical fit.
MR. LALLY: Is that the mechanical fit that you were talking about earlier in testimony?
MS. VALLIER: Yes.
MR. LALLY: Thank you. Miss Gilman, you can take that down. Ms. Vallier, in reference to those items that you testified to earlier — in item 3-1, the tail light housing — what if any conclusions regarding those items, as far as a physical match, did you come to?
MS. VALLIER: Um, that item 3-1 and the pieces that make up piece one were at one time together as a larger unit.
MR. LALLY: Thank you very much. I have no further questions.